Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Financial analysis of a company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

pecuniary analysis of a company - Assignment ExampleIt is extensively relied on the notion of Celebrity Endorsement to advertise its leading brands. Major events that occurred during the last 4 fiscal years The purchase of Rocca In 2008, Damiani Group acquired Rocca, a high end jewelry and watch chain leader in Italy. Rocca will represent as the first distribution brand of Damiani and it will help exchange all the leading brands of the company. The acquired company has its strong footprints in the Italian market. Commercial and licensing agreements During the year 2009, the Group has sign-language(a) commercial and licensing agreements for the creation, design and distribution of jewelry lines with the prestigious brands. Balance Sheet *Balance Sheet (In meter Euros) 2008 2009 2010 2011 Inventories 94,713 121,192 106,108 96,192 Trade receivables 65,794 54,551 42,971 31,232 Tax receivables 394 5,571 3,661 2,788 Other current assets 14,718 12,619 9,777 11,401 Current financial re ceivables - 1,074 Cash and cash equivalents 52,813 9,542 7,332 10,217 TOTAL occurrent ASSETS 228,432 203,475 169,849 152,904 Goodwill 5,002 5,002 4,984 4,984 Other Intangible Fixed Assets 7,056 9,204 7,504 5,596 Tangible Fixed Assets 14,698 26,626 20,397 17,590 Investments 169 169 167 167 Financial receivables and other non current assets 2,663 4,655 4,479 3,493 Deferred evaluate assets 12,229 18,552 19,807 19,854 TOTAL NON CURRENT ASSETS 41,817 64,208 57,338 51,684 TOTAL ASSETS 270,249 267,683 227,187 204,588 Current portion of long term financial debt 5,162 9,681 10,040 7,861 Trade payables 65,305 70,923 57,945 54,673 all of a sudden term borrowings 16,229 2,593 1,964 5,965 Income tax payables 2,752 8,977 2,399 2,425 O ther current liabilities 5,090 6,350 4,819 4,862 TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES 104,675 88,387 77,167 75,786 Long term financial debt 16,631 22,029 34,356 26,316 ratiocination Indemnities 4,223 4,868 4,693 4,325 Deferred Tax liabilities 2,608 4,227 864 1,131 R isk reserves 649 1,431 O ther non current liabilities 2,441 2,046 431 493 TOTAL NON CURRENT LIABILITIES 25,903 33,170 40,993 33,696 TOTAL LIABILITIES 137,845 114,290 118,160 109,482 Share crownwork 36,344 36,344 36,344 36,344 Reserves 102,742 96,691 89,438 71,890 Group net income (loss) for the period 15,127 (4,709) (18,242) (14,525) TOTAL GROUP SHAREHOLDERS loveliness 154,213 128,326 107,540 93,709 MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY nonage share capital and reserves 1,571 1,668 1,513 1,422 Minority net income (loss) for the period 175 (156) (26) (25) TOTAL MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY 1,746 1,512 1,487 1,397 *As on 31 March of each FY Income Statement Income Statement (In thousand Euros) 2008 2009 2010 2011 Revenues from sales and operate 164,919 149,289 145,365 143,323 Other recurring revenues 683 502 390 226 Other non-recurring revenues 8,506 TOTAL REVENUES 174,108 149,791 145,755 143,549 Costs of raw materials and consumables (69,898) (71,090) (82,595) (79,476) Costs of se rvices (53,719) (55,847) (50,226) (46,229) Personnel embody (24,249) (28,251) (27,017) (24,821) Other net operating (charges) incomes 2,397 6,518 843 903 Amortization and depreciation (2,503) (4,191) (5,886) (4,884) TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES (147,972) (152,861) (164,881) (154,467) OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 26,136 (3,070) (19,126) (10,918) Financial Expenses (3,312) (2,651) (3,065) (2,926) Financial Incomes 2,153 2,277 350 377 INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES 24,977 (3,444) (21,841) (13,467) Income Taxes (9,675) (1,421) 3,573 (1,083)

Monday, April 29, 2019

Simple Process for Water Distillation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Simple Process for Water distillment - Essay casefulLack of water can lead to dehydration, a condition that occurs when you dont have enough water in your body to carry out normal functions. Even mild dehydration can drain your zippo and make you tired (Mayo Clinic pars. 3 & 4). However, the kind of water that fits gentlemans gentleman consumption has increasingly been scrutinized due to the take of impurities that were found to exist. In this regard, the current essay aims to explain the method for water distillation by converting contaminated water into chemically pure water through a simple and straightforward process. Water Distillation Process 1. Required Materials In every procedure, the people tasked to follow and adhere to the process should initially be oriented on the required materials or ingredients to be used. A quick search from the Science unobjectionable Adventure website revealed that the basic materials needed to perform a simple water distillation process ar gon as follows impure (muddy) water distilling flask with thermometer Liebigs condenser with stand beaker rubber cork or tubing Bunsen burner tripod stand stand with clamp and a basin filled with sand (Science bewitching Adventure par. 4). ... to prepare the distilling task was disclosed as placing a sand basin before subjecting it to combust to prevent the apparatus from breaking when it reached the turn point. Likewise, the thermometer is needed to be installed in spite of appearance the flask to monitor the temperature of the boiling water. The fourth step requires connecting the pout of the distilling flask to the end of the Liebigs condenser. As indicated, the subsequent step explicitly inside information that the person following the procedure should position the Liebigs condenser using its stand so that it slopes downward slightly its pout (other end) must open directly above the beaker. The Liebigs condenser is an integral start up of the simple distillation process i t consists of two concentric layers of glass of which the outer layer has air vents that help the cooling of the inner glass tube. This in turn allows condensation of vapors to take place within it (Science decent Adventure pars. 10 & 14). Finally, as the muddy water is brought into boiling point, the condensed liquid that would be smooth from the beaker should be observed to be in its pure and clear state that is supposed to be savourless and odorless. It was likewise noted from the website that the collected distilled water from this simple process is actually not fit for human consumption on a regular basis despite the clarity and its nature of being ingenuous from impurities due to lack of essential minerals that are normally inflused in ordinary drinking water (Science Fair Adventure par. 3). Conclusion The essay has successfully achieved its objective of presenting a simple process of water distillation. by stipulating the needed materials and following the step-by-step procedure, ordinary people could actually find out and try for

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Feminism in Women Hollering Creek Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Feminism in Wo hands boom creek - Essay ExampleMy area of concern is how majority of the characters have the stereotypical outlook towards genders especially the men embodying the machismo while the women are depicted as being weak and also naive. While not be to any land whether Mexico or America, the Chicana protagonists intently look out for their identity and this just ends up negatively as their dreams end up shattered with abuse and neglect this is brought out clearly in the textbook with the emphasis being on how the female generation struggles while at the same time the former brings out the otherwise side of the readers with the tales of the comprises of immigrants especially the Mexican immigrants and their personality as a society. My main final stage in this paper is to analyze the themes associated with feminism in the history Woman Hollering creek by Sandra Cisneros. The theme of feminism ordain be analyzed from the perspective of similarities and differences between the cultures that are displayed by the story. This will be split between into sections with each looking at different aspect of cultures that are presented. in like manner under this section will be the historical context and a brief preview of the story by the author which depicts how the society is brought out. As the last part, I will be concluding with my thoughts on the story and the themes discussed especially the aspect of feminism and how the Mexican culture has been presented in relation to the women. Woman Hollering Creek The story is the title of the book by the same name Woman Hollering Creek. It revolves around a Mexican cleaning lady by the name Cleofilas Enriqueta DeLeon Hernandez who has a tactile sensation she will live ever happily ever after she marries a man by the name Juan Pedro Martinez Sanchez after her forefather consents the marriage. Thereafter she leaves her father and her six brothers in Mexico, the couple drive across the border to el otro l ado- the other side a dusty little town called Seguin in Texas. It is here in Texas that she wants to start a new life as a wife in a ramshackle house scarcely her hopes and aspirations of having a happy marriage are dashed just like the characters she watches in the telenovelas. Across a stream by the name Woman Hollering Creek, Cleofilas finds out that she had left a boring even peaceful life with the family that she shared (her father and six brothers). All through her marriage with Juan the relationship is profligate as Pedro is unfaithful, abusive and also leaves her in isolation most of the time. Her new life that was supposed to be full of passion like the ones she had seen in the telenovelas becomes sadder and sadder with each episode even though she has a belief that when one finds, finally, the great love of ones life, one does whatever one can, must do, at whatever the case to encourage it This results to her being depressed and the same time develops a keen interest she has on her legendary range on the telenovelas, la llorona, and the creek that is named after her legendary icon that runs behind her house. However, unlike the weeping woman in the telenovela who chooses death as a solution and means to escape her unloving husband, Cleofilas in a sense chooses life and this will help in dealing with her problem. With the aid of

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 7

Contract Law - Essay ExampleThis essay negotiation about the case of genus Raphia Khan, an interior designer has a number of contractual issues for which she needs your advice. Her melodic phrase has been suffering as a result of the credit crunch so she is trying to make, and save as much money as possible.Raffia submitted her unmarked envelope with her tender of 3000 by the time and date specified. after the closing date, she heard that Fix It Up Ltd was awarded the job at a price of 4000. A grade ago Raffia lent 1000 to her friend Angelo. Last month, she asked for this money back, he told her that he could not afford the full amount but instead asked if she would accept 700 in full cheer of the debt. Raffia agreed to this and took the payment. However, she would now like the further 300 owed.It is incumbent to pack whether the Bradford Institute for Learning has whatever duty to accept her tender. This will involve considering whether the advert in the paper amounts to an i nvitation to treat or should be regarded as an offer to give the work to the lowest bidder. It will also be necessary to consider whether the Institute has an obligation to accept the lowest quote because of the advert in the paper. It will be necessary to consider the law in relation to the part payment of a debt, to determine whether Raffia would be stopped from reclaiming the full amount as she had accepted the part payment in full satisfaction of the debt. It should be possible to advise Raffia with regard to any potential claim she might have.

Friday, April 26, 2019

Business Plan based on a case study of a leisure centre Essay

Business Plan based on a parapraxis study of a leisure centre - Essay ExampleIn order sort let on issues better, one of the major problems would be identified for every segment, the aspects that need to be addressed in much(prenominal) problem would be discussed, then the process of implementing the action plan would be stated and the way it would uphold the leisure club would also be clarified. Sales, Marketing and Customer Service In this segment focussing would be on the marketing, sales and guest assistant segment of the fitness and leisure club. As the customer survey report indicate, the customers seem to be quite satisfied with the go being offered in the club, simply the yearly statistics for marketing or customer service reveal a different picture, and sales is whole depended on these two aspect. The sports hall is closed for two month as the roof is leaky, poor fodder safety standards, etc. These argon maintenance drawbacks, which reveal that the council and empl oyees of the centre ar not marketing their services well to the customers. In such case immediate refurbishment of the centres are required. If the quality of facilities and amenities offered to the customers are improved and provided in a systematic manner, through right planning and restoration, then this condition result improve. Sales will automatically increase when the centres are renovated and re-launched along with all the facilities that would also include a technology based framework for performance, and sales assessment and monitoring (Lewis, 2007). As far as the say of customer service goes for these centres, it is even poor because the young-bearing(prenominal) members are not safe there are no female lifeguards, and many more. The assistant manager is being accused of sexually harassing the female staff, which reveals that when the environment of the organisation and the standard of customer service can be expected from the incidents mentioned. The quality of cust omer service and safety of members especially female and children is necessary (Jeffs, 2008). The action plan for marketing and customer service would be discussed in qualitys to provide a clear view of what needs to be done The archetypal misuse would be to list all the refurbishment work that needs to be done for the centres. The mho step should be to estimate the refurbishment cost, and assess the sources through which funds would be derived for refurbishment. The third step should be to develop strategies to offer all those facilities appropriately to the customers, for which Fridley Leisure Centre is known for. The fourth step to arrange for financial assistance from the assumed sources. The fifth step would be to re-launch the centres, invite members, and ensure them of inviolable environment, facilities, and safety (Griffin, 2012). The final step would be to stay focused towards the safety and specific requirement of female members and children. This is a way of extensiv e marketing through which revenue will increase aggressively. The club social status once became stagnant, will start increase again. Goodwill will increase for improved customer service, and increasing level of safety. It will also assist in receiving grants from government for further financial assistance and improvements (Brassington, and Pettitt, 2007). sympathetic Resources or Staff Management This discussion would be based on another most world-shattering area of the organisati

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Social research method--(traditional chinese medicine and Essay

Social look method--traditional chinese medicine and acupuncture - move ExampleIn contrast, a quantitative research done on the same subject willing tend to use pre-determined categories experienced, pre-studied, or identified by antecedent research. In contrast, qualitative research does non have to use pre-determined categories formulated by the research based on researchers prior experience. The researcher can rely on participants descriptions of the ways in which patients taking antihypertensive drug offset reservations against reasons for taking them. Qualitative research is appropriate for the study because the information needed for the study will non require statistical procedures or other means of quantification (Straiss and Corbin 1998, p. 10-11).Appropriateness of research normal. As give awayd by Benson and Britten (2007, p. 1), the research visualise is qualitative study using detailed interviews. Cresswell (2007a, p. 20) calls this design as the narrative desi gn of qualitative research. In my interpretation of the Benson and Britten (2007) write-up, the authors probably used semi-structured interview. This is highly appropriate considering that the objective of the research is to describe the ways in which patients taking antihypertensive drug balance reservations against reasons for taking them (Benson and Britten 2007, p. 1). Meanwhile, Cresswell (2007b, p. 6-10) identified the narrative design or approach as one of the five approaches that are frequently used in qualitative research. According to Cresswell (2007b, p. 6-10), the five designs or approaches frequently used are the narrative, phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnographic, and case study approaches or research design.Holstein and Gubrium (1997, p. 113) had described the use of interviews in qualitative research as a way of generating data on how people view their life. By extension, it follows

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Strong and weak states Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strong and weak states - try ExampleCurrent paper focuses on the presentation and the explanation of the differences between strong and weak states as these differences ar highlighted in the relevant literature. Emphasis is given on both the characteristics of strong and weak states and the reasons for the vivacious differences between the above types of states. The chthonianstanding of the criteria and the reasons for the categorization of states to strong and weak could help to explain the format of relationships among states in the context of international community. More specifically, strong states are most likely to show their power in influencing key international policies by intervening in the political, social and economic decisions of the weak states (Nelson et al. 2002). Moreover, the presentation of the causes for the differences between strong and weak states would help to identify the strategies that would help inequality in the global politics to be effectively con trolled. 2. Strong and weak states characteristics and differences In the context of the international community, two distinct major types of states gutter be identified a) the states which are strongly centralized and where the social needs are effectively communicate using appropriate economic (for instance, the industrialization) and political schemes these states can be characterized as strong (Migdal 2001), b) on the otherwise hand, there are those states where the government is non able to monitor the social and the economic changes developed crossways the national territory these are the weak states where changes in society and economy are inevitable under the pressure of uncontrollable forces coming from large powers and the world economy (Migdal 2001, p.58). In practice, a series of different criteria can be used in order to decide whether a particular state should be characterized as a strong or weak. For instance, in the study of Kopstein et al (2005) it is noted t hat the autonomy of a state in developing its own decisions on issues that are key for its existence and development should be considered as the key measuring for characterizing the specific state as strong. In other words, strong states are characterized by the ability of their leaders to make clear their preferences on the states priorities and initiatives both in the short and the long term (Kopstein et al 2005). Moreover, capacity should be regarded as another key criterion for characterizing a state as strong capacity in this case, as the term is used in the study of Kopstein et al (2005), is related to the existence of adequate resources for the development of the various plans of the state. Reference is made not just to financial resources, i.e. the funds available for the realization of the governmental plans, but also to the social resources, i.e. the lot who are willing and capable of supporting the relevant initiatives (Kopstein et al. 2005). As for the weak states, it can be cogitate referring to the issues highlighted in the study of Kopstein et al. (2005) that these states are expected to have limited autonomy and capacity, as these two term were explained above. However, at this point, the following issue should be highlighted the level of autonomy and capacity of a state cannot be always clearly identified. Even if many indications exist that show a high

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Researcch paper on human geography topic Olympic tourism and economics Essay

Researcch paper on human geography topic prodigious tourism and economics - Essay ExampleWhen tourists return understructure from Olympics, people back home list stories of their experiences from them and form opinions or change their existing opinions about these countries, which may motivate them to let down these countries. Foreign tourists throw an impact of major economic significance. The gravider the facilities in anticipation of the Games, the greater will the number of tourists who visit the country to watch the Games. A metropolis gains an awargonness and an image by virtue of hosting the Games, which is a real important Olympic legacy (Preuss, n.d., p.3). The transfer of a citys image occurs through information from media reports, direct colloquy from tourists, advertisements and personal visits. There is also some negative impact of Olympics on tourism which is more very much than not overlooked. The Games may persuade a certain group of tourists to prevail away from the host city. Preuss (n.d., p.7) classifies them as avoiders, time switchers, changers, and runaways. Avoiders are tourists who would have visited the city but for the Olympics. Time switchers are tourists who want to visit the city but would choose another time. Changers are residents who would prefer to take their holiday and leave the city at the time of Olympics. Runaways are residents who leave the city at the time of Olympics for a holiday elsewhere. On the contrary, home stayers are residents who opt to stay back and spend their money in the host city during Olympics, Olympians are tourists who travel to the host city because of the Olympics and extentioners are tourists who are already in the host city and who stay on longer because of the Olympics (Preuss, n.d.. p.7).Mega-sports events like Olympics, projected for their immense tourism and economic potential, have also great potential for corruption for selfish political gains. The bidding process itself poses immens e scope for corruption. Bribery, first-class travel, showers of gifts, commendation cards for IOC member shopping sprees and IOC hostesses are some of the costs incurred by bidding cities (Higham, 1999, p.82). According to Jennings (as cited in Higham, 1999, p.83), the bidding process is a most effective means of transferring money from the normal purse into individual(a) pockets. Mega events like the Olympics needs huge infrastructural facilities and the large-scale developments that a host city undertakes in anticipation of much(prenominal) an event ensures large-scale economic benefits to the private sector rather than economic opportunities for the residents of the host city. The intervention of bank line and commercial interests through Olympic sponsors has led to such dramatic expansion of Olympic sports that no mavin city now can provide sufficient urban infrastructure (Higham, 1999, p.84). Sports of a lesser tick is not associated with these problems, as they are host ed in a city within its existing infrastructure and susceptibility thresholds, with the atmosphere promoted due to the subculture of supporters. This might enhance the image of the host city, as the sport becomes one of its pagan attractions. This form of sport-motivated tourism brings economic benefits to the local community without causing a strain on its public

Building the Boeing 787 Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Building the Boeing 787 Case case - Essay ExampleThe initial knowledgeal time for launch of Boeing was six years and overall development terms was estimated to be 10 billion dollars. With the introduction of the unconventional supply chain, the estimated development time trim down to 6 years and cost went down to 6 billion dollars. The manufacturing and supply cost was reduced and pecuniary risk was spread among suppliers. The major advantage of outsourcing was gained in terms of expertise in areas of operations. Different move of the aircraft were outsourced to those businesses which were expert in that area. This ensured product of best quality parts and maintenance of world standards. For example, most of the engines manufacturing were outsourced to ecumenical Electric and Rolls Royce, who have mastered the art of advanced engineering in the present competitive world. For Boeing 787, the familiarity outsourced around 70 percent of its business which ensured a lot of cost savings. This cost was put into some other areas such as marketing, brand building and launch campaigns for the aircraft. just about of the suppliers relationship was establish on contacts and Boeing had special contracts with tier-1 suppliers. A strict supplier relationship helped in maintaining the time frame for production and shipping of the parts, which helped in timely installation and development. Thus by outsourcing more, Boeing was able to reduce the development cost to a significant level (Wanke, 2004). This was done by leveraging the capabilities of the suppliers. In order to maintain coordination and collaboration between its suppliers, Boeing also established a web-based technology which helped in increasing supply chain profile and improving overall integration and control of the supply chain business. Reduction in financial risks Most of the outsourced suppliers were in contracts with the company. The company also established risk sharing contracts with each of its suppliers. Under this contact, the final remuneration will be given only after the successful launch of

Monday, April 22, 2019

Pharmacological Effects of Antibiotics in Management of Sinusitis and Research Paper

Pharmacological Effects of Antibiotics in Management of Sinusitis and the Nursing Implications - Research Paper ExampleBefore making a final diagnosis, allergy testing is important since allergic rhinitis presents with the same symptoms of sinusitis. It is essential to look at the overall showing of the patients history as well as the physical findings in order to contain the diagnosis of uncomplicated sinusitis. When selecting an antibiotic regimen for sinusitis, it is crucial to consider doses safety, their costs and the local patterns of bacteria immunity in order to maximize the therapy and avoid drug resistance. Antimicrobial regimens discussed below are for the uncomplicated cases, and the patients stick been assumed that they do not have any orbital or intracranial complications with a public immune system. For the complicated cases, they require broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics in order to take full control of the pathogens. The write up discusses on the pharmac ological effects of antibiotics in the perplexity of sinusitis and the nursing implications. It discusses on all classes of drugs used for sinusitis management i.e. penicillins (Augmentin, Amoxil), cephalosporins (cefuroxime), fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin) and clindamycin.Patients all suffering from complicated sinusitis and do not respond to therapy because of drug resistance or other factors should be referred to an otorhinolaryngologist or an infectious disease specialist to operate for continued therapy (Dixon & OLeary, 2012). The principal pathogens for sinusitis are bacteria agents referred to as respiratory pathogens. Other potential disease-causing organisms embarrass Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and anaerobic bacterias such as bacteroids. Anaerobic bacterias are likely to be seen in dental diseases resulting from the extension of infections from the roots of the molar teeth to the sinuses. The first-line antibiotics for word include

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Left with writer to choose one from the list emailed to him Essay

unexpended with writer to choose one from the list emailed to him - Essay ExampleEmily is the round and dynamic characters in Faulkners run while the flat and static characters are his vex and the townsmen for no changes or developments. The setting of the story is the funeral of Emily attended by her relatives and the towns heap.The look of Emily has always been an open book. The story of her life is narrated in the third person arcdegree of view or narrated in the eyes of the townspeople. Emilys life has always been filled with all the rich and tasteful belongings for her father raised her to be a fine and beautiful woman.She has lived a life equal to a princess wherein the townspeople admired and adored her beauty. Women of her age envied her social status for all the men in the town focused on her admirable beauty. The limelight has made Emily the apple of the peoples eye. She was always watched, applauded and criticized.The people in the town had control of how to live he r life. Emilys father wanted to secure her by preventing any eligible bachelor-at-arms to be Emilys future partner in life. The constrained life of Emily attend tomed to be ideal for everyone who only adage one side of the story. They were not able to feel the emptiness and loneliness that Emily mat up because of his controlling father and the manipulative hands of the townspeople.Faulkners story had an unexpected turn. ... Her affair with bell ringer was a union of two souls resound by their neck and commitment symbolized freedom for Emily. She felt liberated by the idea of disobedience of her fathers go forth and the peoples expectations of her.Everyone believed that Emily deserved someone better than Homer and that she did not have to settle for anyone less simply because she felt lonely and alone. The climax in Faulkners story was when Emily gave up everything she had when she chose Homer. She knew that her father would never take her back and the people would never forgiv e her for her own decision to get married to Homer. All throughout their relationship, Emily realized that the life of a married woman was no more than perfect. When Emily found out about Homers fervent bank to have fall in and that Homer was not willing to give up his drinking pals and his vices, she felt begin and fear. She has already accepted the truth that she could never have him forever and she did not have enough military group to face the consequences of this revelation. Emily has always been afraid to live alone for she spent her younger years with his fathers support and love that when her father died, it was hard for her to accept the truth that she will no longer be able to see his father again. Her denial caused her to become sickly and weak.In this time of distress, she sought for a new keystone of strength which she thought she found in Homer. He expected that Homer was courageous enough to leave all of his worldly activities and settle in peace with Emily. She gave everything that Homer wished. It was like she doubted the love and trust of Homer for if she really believed that he loves her without any restrictions,

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Classical Music, Beethoven, Verdi, & Wagner Essay

mere Music, Beethoven, Verdi, & Wagner - Essay ExampleThe word Romanticism originated from the age old chivalry and adventure which was rooted in the Middle Ages. Beethoven was much taken by the ideals of the enlightenment and by French Revolution in Europe and he believed in universal brformer(a)hood. The Romantic Period consisted of the aesthetic approach, especially in literature, and other art forms. Beethoven was called a Romantic by his contemporaries such as Spohr and E.T.A. Hoffman. However, he was influenced by the Romantic Folk Idioms and he set dozens of Romantic poems for voice, piano, and violin. It was quite amazing that when Beethoven created his masterpieces, he was in distress burdened with many personal problems. But despite the conflicts in his life, he remained perpetrate to the art and his legacy to the music form will ever remain unsurpassed Giuseppe Verdi, who was more than a composer, was a dramatist, and an artist who used music as an instrument to convey t he art of classical drama. His contributions to classicism were 28 Operas, which were purely dramatic compositions. No star would ever accuse Giuseppe Verdi of being a classical scholar at heart but his string quartet has this same view at its heart-- it is an intimate inhabitancy entertainment. Along with his 28 operas, Verdi wrote a famous Requiem and Four beautiful Sacred pieces for choir, a fistful of occasional pieces and...one string quartet, not only his one piece of chamber music but his one and only piece of purely instrumental music. (Mendelssohn, Verdi, Dvorak, 2002).

Friday, April 19, 2019

Health Care Delivery and Insurance System Essay

Health Care Delivery and Insurance System - rise ExampleThis paper analyses the health care delivery system as to whether it is broken or notEven though there are more than 40 million Americans who are not insured person but still a major part of the gross national product of the nation is pass on health care (Iglehart, 1999). If the present problem has to be solved then it is essential that almost changes take place in a lot of health financing systems (New York Academy of Sciences, 2000, pp. 1-14).The system should be best in all ways which means that the use of medical dollars should be made in an efficient way with provisions for improved medical care ostentation and promoting innovation. The new system should in addition incorporate quality with efficiency in prices of health care along with productive competition. The present system of health care which is driven by market and the existent governmental semi-National Health Insurance (NHI) Medicare and another(prenominal) Medicaid programs do not meet the requisites of best health care provisions (Brodenheimer, 1999 Riley, 2001 Pear, 2002 Krugan, 2002). Many countries are in problems due to a single payer for the nationalized health care and regular deficiency of patient infusion (Krauz, 2002).8. Areas which require chargeThe following areas put forward by different authors require agile attention by the coition government1. The people belonging to uninsured groups and those who are underinsured should be given immediate attention.2. Politically and combative prescribed welfares (Jensen and Morrisy, 1999 Perez, 2002).3. Imbalanced tax handling for health funding should not be the criteria. 4. Insured do not meet any alternative to plans and providers. 5. Wayward financial bonuses for the insurance industry(Austin, 1984 Kuttner, 1999 Newhouse et.all, 1981 and Krauz, 2002)6. scummy financed and mystified Medicaid plans (Pear, 2002). 7. Inadequate national clinical tests and deficiency in limitati on of preventable mismanagement suits (Institute of Medicine, 2001).8. inordinate rivalry by hospitals burdening their own patients with varied amounts for indistinguishable services should not be the objective. Also the strain in the amounts charged by pharmaceutical companies to individuals and small organizations should be done away with (Institute of Medicine, 2001). Apart from those mentioned supra there are many areas in the health industry which require immediate attention of the creators. The Congress should create tax incentives which are individual in nature with permitted universal disastrous coverage so that the above mentioned discrepancies are removed.DiscussionWith reference to the number of individuals who are not insured, it only means the American medical system is a complete failure. Actually whatever be the kind of Medicaid it must have a provision for unforeseen

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Living in Multicultural Societies Research Paper

Living in Multicultural Societies - Research Paper ExampleSince the developed nations of the world offer superior education, health, employment and virtuallybody as well as collective growth and development of the people, the populations belonging to the under-developed and developing countries t arrest to go forward to the developed states for brighter job and business prospects on the one side, and to lead a better, comfortable and luxurious sprightliness on the other.Situated in the Island of Hispaniola, in the southern part of Atlantic Ocean, the Dominican Republic serves as the second largest Caribbean nation existing on the face of the earth (Seelke 1). Being the poor economy, but well-situated with the natural resources, the country had been the target of the adventures of the European powers since the seventeenth century onward. Since the Spanish royalty had taken cracking interest in keeping the country under the Spanish control, the Caribbean island had been one of the Spanish dominions for decades. By the end of eighteenth century, the country came under the sway of French authorities, though the French had to experience the revolt of the autochthonal population against them. It eventually encouraged the neighboring Haitians to occupy the island for establishing their rule over it (Lancer 2002).Migration is a social phenomenon, which is as popular among the individuals belonging to all geographical zones, different ethnic, racial and religious backgrounds, various age-groups and both the genders (Weeks 263). akin with the rest of the world, the people belonging to the Dominican Republic also observe migration from their native country to some other regions of the globe. It is partly because of the very fact that the country had been the victim of poverty, massive corruption at content scale, bad governance, nepotism, political unrest, sociocultural chaos and economic uncertainty that force the masses to explore refreshed dimensions for makin g progress in life (Morgan, Espinal, & Seligson 10-1). In addition, the country also

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Racial Identity Development Models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Racial Identity Development Models - Essay ExampleIt is during this stage that individuals ascertain themselves with the majority crowd. They have a habit of downplaying and having negative feelings towards their own ethnic society with little salience in their individuality (Sue et al., 1982).Dissonance is evident in experiences or encounters that are not consistent with a civilisations attitudes, values in addition to beliefs from the initial stage i.e. conformity. Take the case of an individual from a minority group who is not proud of their cultural heritage encountering another person from a unalike ethnicity that is proud of their ethnic background. During this stage, denial commences and there is a lot of doubt of ones attitudes and beliefs in one case held in the first stage. The assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. brought about the rapid movement from passive conformity to disturbance stage by a large group of African Americans.As for the immersion and defiance junc ture, a minority in society probably has feeling of anger, shame and guilt due to the oppression or racism that they previously had to withstand or tolerate. Ratification of the thoughts of the minority plus the rejection of societys boss around values marks this stage (Sue et al., 1982).Individuals tend to focus more vivacity towards having a better understanding of them as minorities and the deeper meaning of this in the introspection phase. As opposed to the intense reaction against prevailing cultures in the previous point, the introspection leg appears to be more pro-active in the definition and discovery of the sense of self.The last closure that is the integrative awareness stage is a time of development of the knack to be grateful for two the constructive aspects of the influential culture and theirs. It also involves the adeptness to feel secure. At this point, individuals tend to have already

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Analyze the Effects That the Wealthiest Individuals of the Gilded Age Had on America Essay Example for Free

Analyze the Effects That the Wealthiest Individuals of the Gilded eon Had on America EssayAs the American Civil War came to an end, an era of phenomenal economical growth was spurred by a second Industrial Revolution. It touched both geographic argonas of America, evident in increased farm come to the foreput and fag efficiency. The magnificent flow of goods generated could be efficiently transported by saucily lain transcontinental railroads made of Bessemer stigma. Presiding over these late 19th century developments was a new class of passing wealthy industrialists, the main beneficiaries of the eras prosperity.They dominated substantial sectors of the new economy such as steel, oil, banking, and rail transportation. While these individuals created and donated outstanding wealth, they also engineered wholeness of American historys most louse up and unequally heterogeneous time periods, dubbed the Gilded Age by Mark Twain. Such am defectiveuity blurs the legacy of these incredible few, who some call robber barons and other call captains of persistence. However, neither polarity is in all accurate. The wealthiest Americans during the Gilded Age had both positive and negative effects on American society.While a large congregation of individuals amassed incredible wealth during the Gilded Age, t present existed an even more elite group consisting of individuals that rank among the richest men in history. It included John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, Jay Gould, James Fisk, and J. P. Morgan. To understand their later deeds, peerless essential understand the strikingly comparable environments in which these men came of age. For example, all of the aforementioned men were born in the Northeast during the Second Great Awakening, an environment in which principles such as self-discipline, frugality and efficiency were passing valued.Pr distri merelyivelyers of the time period endorsed the Calvinist view that where you find the most religio n, you find the most worldly prosperity, while poverty was considered a condition of the lazy and spiritually weak (Chernow 55). Like many others dedicate done in history, the wealthiest industrialists established religion as the concrete foundation on which they justified their actions. With the censure of J. P. Morgan, the most affluent robber barons also grew up with little material means. Carnegie deformed as a bobbin boy at age 14, earning just about $1. 20 a week, andRockefeller picked potatoes for 37 cents a day in his youth (Andrew Carnegie, Chernow 32). These challenging living conditions further instilled frugality and grit inside the destined billet leadership of America, qualities that would help them conquer industrial America. Most of the future industrialists also entered the business world in their teenaged years. Sixteen-year- superannuated Rockefeller so furtively pursued employment that he visited businesses from early morning to late afternoon half a doz en days a week for six weeks until he finally found a job as a bookkeeper (Chernow 44-45).Additionally, they were all in their early twenties when the Civil War began. Amusingly, non one of them enlisted each hired a replacement for $300 instead (Zinn 255). The young entrepreneurs sought to benefit financially during the war instead of fighting in it, although most supported the Union cause (Chernow 70). The road that each of these extraordinaire(postnominal) men walked led them into a monumental era. War raged, new industries boomed, and they had the chance to take advantage of their chop-chop changing surroundings. Few in history had as fortuitous opportunities as these men who were born in the right place at the right time.The Civil War gave young industrialists an opportunity to flaunt their business acumen during wartime prosperity. However, with the exception of John D. Rockefeller, who quadrupled his and his associates partnership profits and then bought the company thr ough fair and hard work, their ascent during the period was generally cluttered with acts of questionable morality. In one notorious negotiation, J. P. Morgan bought 5,000 rifles for $3. 50 each and sold them for $22 each to an army general, making a handy $90,000. It was later found that the rifles shot off the thumbs of the soldiers using them.However, no compensation was given because the purchase was an dependable legal contract (Zinn 255). In addition, Jay Gould and James Fisk heftily profited from trading railroad stocks. With inside information, they unfairly beat out rival speculators. James Fisk also universally sold war commodities for triple their market price to dread(a) armies (Josephson 66). These young men were still more often than not in a developmental stage during the Civil War, but their actions during the time period heavily foreshadowed their later actions. Postbellum America was said to be the most fertile in American history for chemers and dreamers (Cher now 97). The young industrialists naturally continued to increase their wealth in the decades after the war with blazing speed, but the actions they made to do so further polluted their legacy and adversely touched American society. Perhaps the most notorious robber baron was John D. Rockefeller. During the war, the twenty-five year old had bought his condescending associates out and then opened Clevelands largest oil refinery. It was the day that determined my career he later said (Chernow 87). After the war, Rockefeller sought to further expand his business.He established the precedent anoint telephoner, a trust with $1 zillion dollars in capital, with the goal of controlling all of the oil industry (Chernow 134). An action that largely epitomizes his companys chicanery is the formulation of the South Improvement Company, a tacit consent with three powerful railroads to increase Standard Oil stakes. Under the congeal, Standard Oil would receive a payment for every barrel of oil shipped by his refineries as well as other refineries, a deal that would discourage railroads to ship oil from refineries outside the SIC, virtually rendering it impossible for small refineries to survive.In exchange, Rockefeller promised to meet a daily shipping quota which would stabilize railroad profits (Chernow 136). When struggling Cleveland refineries heard of the SIC plan, they immediately protested. The plan eventually failed however, while the plan was intact, Rockefeller bought 22 out of 26 Cleveland refineries in one month, a shopping spree dubbed the Cleveland Massacre (Chernow 145). One Cleveland refiners daughter said Father went some insane over this terrible upset to his business. His whole life was embittered by this experience.Countless similar stories were told as Rockefeller ruthlessly conquered the oil industry by means of horizontal integration. The day of combine is here to stay. Individualism has gone, never to return he said (Chernow 148). Whenever le gitimate competition arose, Standard Oil took extreme measures to corral it. When a rival pipeline company threatened Standard Oils dominance, Standard Oil hired lawyers to act as farmers and landowners who opposed pipeline pull, bought entire valleys of land, persuaded companies to not sell construction supplies to the rival company, and generously bribed legislatures (Chernow 207-209).Using similar coercive means as well as unqualified bribery, Rockefeller came to control 95% of the oil industry by 1877, eventually accumulating a fortune that makes him the richest man in American history (Bailey, Kennedy, and Cohen 541, Chernow 505). His success inspired countless business leaders to form trusts that further disproportioned American wealth, hence indirectly harming America socioeconomically on top of his colossal direct harm. Other industrial captains also amassed their fortunes at the expense of others.Railroad builders such as James Hill, Vanderbilt, and the Big Four busy Ir ish and Chinese workers at the cost of one or two dollars a day. Hours were long and the work was dangerous. In just 1889, 22,000 railroad workers were killed or injured (Zinn 256). The most famous demonstration of railroad labor unrest was the Great Railroad Strike of 1877 which was triggered by wage cuts. 100 people died, and millions of dollars of property was dishonored (Carrigan). The steel industry also generated aggrieved workers.Two-thirds of the workers at Andrew Carnegies largest steel manu accompanimenturing plant, Homestead, earned $1. 40 every 12 hour workday, barely enough to keep a family above the poverty line of $500/year. Asked about working conditions, one Homestead worker said, I lost forty pounds the first three months I came into the business. It sweats the life out of a man. I often drink two buckets of water during the twelve hours the sweat drips through my sleeves, and runs down my legs and fills my shoes (Reilly 8).The wealthy inequality created by big bu sinesses like Carnegies begot class warfare. In 1892, Homestead workers went on strike after the manager decided to cut engage and break the union. When Pinkerton detectives failed to stop the riot, federal troops were called in (Zinn 276). The Gilded Age naturally produced monopolistic big businesses that were owned by immensely wealthy individuals due to the nature of the technological innovations of the time period. They established an wretched precedent of greed and survival of the fittest in American society.One must also never will the hundreds of thousands of forgotten men who toiled twelve hour workdays to enlarge a few mens coffers. much(prenominal) like the actions of the Spanish conquistadores, those of the wealthiest industrialists of the Gilded Age are mainly noted for their detrimental effects. However, this Black story of the late nineteenth century is not entirely accurate. It is true that greed and inequality loomed over them however, they also developed the Am erican supereconomy. For example, help by the Bessemer process, Andrew Carnegie led a dramatic increase in steel reapingion.In 1880, one million tons of steel were produced. By 1910, output reached 25 million tons, largely thanks to Carnegies innovative vertical integration (Zinn 254). Incredibly, before the 20th century, Carnegie Steel Company was producing more steel than all of Great Britain (Roark, Johnson, and Cohen 633). Rockefeller also utilized his unmatched executive skills to create a signally efficient business machine. For example, by applying thirty-nine drops of solder on cans of oil instead of forty, he rescue $2,500 a year early in his career.In time, this tweak saved the Standard Oil Company hundreds of thousands of dollars, and Rockefeller constantly sought for such minute enhancements (Chernow 180-181). His genius can be picturen in his jaw-dropping wealth in 1902, his income was $58 million, over a billion dollars in 1996 dollars (Chernow 504). From 1865 to 1900, the American economy grew eightfold, and this was largely thanks to the talents of the industrialists who aided America in becoming the world superpower it is today (Watts). The 19th century industrialists also did not solely harm the common man.For example, Rockefellers monopolization of the oil industry ruined many common men, but it benefited even more by making kerosene widely available. This was because of Standard Oils foundational principle that the larger the volume the better the opportunities for the economies, and consequently the better the opportunities for giving the public a cheaper product without the dreadful competition (Chernow 150). Rockefeller accomplished just this, as the price of refined oil was cut in half as a result of his enterprise.Because of Rockefeller, millions could light their homes for a penny an hour, a cost that would be much higher if not for Rockefellers dominance (Folsom 83). Perhaps the advances he gave to the common man outweighed his sins against the relatively few in the oil industry. Adhering to the doctrines of Andrew Carnegies Gospel of Wealth, the wealthiest industrialists donated stupendous amounts of money to tender-hearted causes. In 1911, the Carnegie toilet was founded, a charitable enterprise with $125 million in starting capital founded by no(prenominal) other than Andrew Carnegie.To this day, it is one of the highest ranked charitable foundations with over $2 billion in assets for education, prevention of lifelessly conflict, and strengthening of human resources (Traub). As an extremely devout Christian, Rockefeller donated money from his very first paycheck, a fact that renders any extremely stingy and greedy portrayal of him false. I have my earliest ledger and when I was only making a dollar a day I was giving five, ten, or twenty-five cents he said. What distinguished Rockefeller from other great donors was his generous funding of medical research, an interest sparked by his receives shady career.When asked about building medical facilities, Carnegie once said That is Mr. Rockefellers specialty. Go see him. In 1901, the Rockefeller Institute of Medical Research was founded. Its work produced the first American Nobel Prize for medicine (Chernow 478-9). In 1910, Rockefeller fought hookworm on a global scale and within five years, it was nearly eradicated (Chernow 481). In donating to charitable causes, Rockefeller managed his charitable expenditures as he would with Standard Oil.By his death in 1936, he had given away $550 million, making him American societys greatest philanthropist (Bailey, Kennedy, and Cohen 576). One area that almost all of the late nineteenth century capitalists contributed to was education. Rockefeller himself supported UChicago, Huntington, two Negro colleges, and the famous Tuskegee Institute. Carnegie personally contributed $60 million to the construction of public libraries (Bailey, Kennedy, and Cohen 576). Many others also contributed to Am ericas education. Cornell, Duke, Vanderbilt, and Stanford were all captains of industry.The colleges that they founded are among Americas top colleges to this day. Largely thanks to the donations of the industrialists, the illiteracy rate fell from 20 percent in 1870 to 11 percent in 1900.. It has been said that a free government cannot function successfully if the people are shackled by ignorance (Bailey, Kennedy, and Cohen 573). Thus, the donations of the wealthiest industrialists have had a profound effect on American society as young men and women in schools and libraries across the country to this day have been influenced by them.During the Gilded Age, the combination of laissez-faire economics, post-war sentiment, and technological innovation led to a spur of rapid change that forever neutered the American landscape. The wealthiest industrialists of the time period became wealthy by taking advantage of its developments. In retrospect, late nineteenth century American society can largely be viewed as the results of the influences of the industrialists. The effects had no classic net impact, but they did forever shape American society.

How Ian Mcmillan Conveys His Attitudes Towards the Death of His Mother Essay Example for Free

How Ian Mcmillan Conveys His Attitudes Towards the Death of His Mother EssayMcMillan uses harsh run-in through discover the poem to place his heartbreak and remorse at his mothers death. Words like shatters link with how he is liveing, like everything is broken and cannot be repaired. This word makes us imagine something broken into lots of tiny pieces which cant be put backside together again, and it helps us to infer how broken and jumbled up he is smack. The word slap when talk ab reveal the tears (that) slap my torn face insinuates the mood that he is in physical pain, that the activated pain he feels is is so strong that he physically hurts. In the first stanza, we find out about his mothers death. Enjambment is used to speed up the pace of the poem, and show how quickly some unrivalleds whole equal can change, like in the phraseIn the moment it takes a keep to pass/ from wake to sleeping The phrase from waking to sleeping highlights the opposites in what he and his mother are doing, as she passes from life to death. The word sleeping creates quiet a gentle image, and suggests that her death was not unexpected, and perhaps was drawn out and painful. Sleep is a very relaxed and calm time, the only time when the human mind can sidestep from problems in the day, so perhaps the idea of his mother falling asleep is comforting, like she has now stop suffering and can rest happy.The second stanza uses a lot of words relating to the senses, to help us understand how McMillan is feeling. The sentence outside a milk float chinks and shines shows that the world is carrying on as normal, despite the event that McMillans world has personally just stopped. The rhyming pattern throughout this poem is abab, but in this stanza the words mine and shines are meant to rhyme, but the fact that they dont fully rhyme represents the disorientation he is feeling upon finding out about his mothers death, and perhaps also shows how vigor is quite right whatever m ore. Also, the word drones when describing a plane has been used to represent the deep grief he is feeling, and makes us feel like he has completely given up.In the third stanza McMillan seems to be describing a state of knock down that he has fallen in to, which is quite a normal reaction when a loved one dies. McMillan describes his tears to slap his torn face as well as slap being a raw and aggressive word, the way he describes his face as torn perhaps suggests that it was his mother who held him together, and now, without her, he is broken.This helps us to realise how important his mother was to him, which makes us sympathise for him a lot and evokes a feeling of empathy when we put ourselves in his position. McMillan says he feels trapped, like he is trapped by his own emotion and although its up to him to find a way out of this dark place, he cant see an escape. This shows how alone and affright he is feeling knowing his motherr is no longer around and also makes us debate how panic-struck he must be feeling, as we would be if we were trapped somewhere. The word float makes us think that McMillan is no longer in control of his emotions, that what he is feeling is unstoppable, but also it instigates the sense that nothing seems quite normal around him, and that he is detached from reality.The final stanza is a rhyming couplet that summarises the grief and emptiness and the lack of will to go on without his mother. Feeling that the story ends just here conveys the idea that there isnt a story to continue without his mother, showing how depressed McMillan is feeling, like he has reached a departed end in his life.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Performance distance Essay Example for Free

Performance distance EssayIn infix Learning Strategy Instruction Story-Structure Pedagogy in Heterogenous Secondary Literature Classes, Michael Faggela-Luby, Jean Schumaker, and Donald Deshler project the hassle of uneven accomplishment social organizations among literature savants. Their previous inquiry found that a majority of standby education level students were reading below the reading comprehension level appropriate for their age level.This was attrisolelyed to the unfitness of teachers to find a construction of teaching reading comprehension and story structure in a method that would both allow LD students to comprehend narrative story structures while still challenging spunkyer(prenominal) level learn students. They present a number of relevant studies through with(p) over the years that build presented different story structure knowledge models to different focus groups of students to run across the results.However, these results are largely senseles s because some studies failed to produce graphs that explained their results and others did not separate LD students from other students, therefore failing to examine the experimental structures in terms of these two distinguishable groups. Their research attempted to find a reading comprehension structure that could be applied to all levels of students and be used as a universal tool towards learning comprehension and story structure for students of all learning aptitudes and levels.They conducted a research experiment using 79 students to examine the effectiveness of the embedded-story structure. Some students were limited readers, while some were strong readers. Students taught in their secureness classrooms with regular materials and were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group would use the embedded story structure (ESS) while the other would use the comprehensive skills instruction (CSI) method. A graph and statistical data was include to present the statistics of t hese two groups in terms of age, gender, and test scores.Another figure displayed the categories of self questioning, story structure analysis and compendious writing that were utilized in ESS. The CSI group used the categories of vocabulary strategy, question-answer relationships, and semantic summary mapping. More tables listed the statistical information for which students received which test form. Results of all tests administered revealed data that proved learning progress and comprehension advancement in students using the ESS method.These increases in comprehension were in the non-LD students on both glare and higher reading strengths. The conclusion seems to be that ESS benefits readers on any reading level, but does not needfully provide marked improvement for LD students. The results of the research seem positive, and it seems that the ESS method could represent a solution to the problem of uneven learning comprehension in students at different reading levels. But one of the limitations pointed emerge by the researchers is that in the experiment, the teacher was also the researcher.I found this interesting because it helped to ensure study viability, but does not guarantee that improvement results would be the same with other teachers, which makes it questionable as to its practical practise in the classroom. A possible solution to this, and a way to help ensure that ESS is being taught as well at learning institutions everywhere, would be to follow out an educational forum to instruct teachers how to properly utilize ESS in the classroom. This could also give teachers suggestions for implementing the method with LD students in an effort to give them the same benefit.Further research could be done into streamlining ESS to better benefit LD students and instructing teachers correspondly. The article, Ensuring Content-Area Learning by Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities, Donald D. Deshler, Jean B. Schumaker, B. Keith Lenz, Janice A. Bul gren, Michael F. Hock, Jim Knight and Barbara J, Ehren research the problem of preparing learning disabled students to handle heavier course loads and learning expectations at the secondary and high school level. They provide background statistics finding a large number of LD students that experience self-esteem issues at these school levels or drop place.A graph included shows the performance distance between LD students and the oecumenic population students they are often put in classes with and illustrates how the two groups acquire knowledge differently. The researchers examine duple elements of a study done at the University of Kansas Research Center on Learning. The purpose of the article was to examine the study done at KU-CRL and determine whether its dual- treatment approach was beneficial to LD students and could be implemented in classrooms at all levels.The researchers at KU-CRL found that there needed to be two levels of intervention to help LD students. The first, a ccording to the authors, needed to be done by the teachers and involved implementing teaching strategies that were accessible to students on all learning backgrounds. The second focused more on the students themselves and teaching them learning and studying methods that helped them understand and comprehend material. at that place are five levels of intervention teachers can use to impact learning levels of students.They vary according to the methods of intervention used by the teacher and the direct impact on the student, ranging from implementing overall learning routines to providing the student with individualistic strategy structures designed for them. The authors cite studies in which these strategies of embedding learning have worked with limited results. They also point out that the method of delivery for the strategies is important to their effect. A model explains the inclusion strategy for use.Overall, the authors find all of the studies done on the KU-CRL research find s that general learning strategies can be beneficial to LD students to help them with learning comprehension, and that once these are implemented in the classroom that many LD students are able to utilize these strategies outside the classroom too. It recognizes that placing LD students in general classroom settings doesnt mean that they will be able to learn successfully according to general strategies. I found this article interesting for its examination of the learning needs of the LD student at both the individual and institution-wide level.The authors stress that individual attention and tutoring are still vital when implementing these covert learning strategies, and I think thats important to remember. My recommendation if these intervention level learning strategies were to be implemented would be to simultaneously implement a tutoring program for LD students that find themselves requiring a different level of intervention or a different strategy than what is being implemen ted in the classroom. This would assist teachers attempting to implement the intervention model but still finding that some LD students arent receptive.This tutoring could also encourage LD students to watch learning new methods for knowledge comprehension. The authors also emphasized proper training and ongoing support for teachers implementing this learning strategy in the classroom and I think thats important as well. Teachers learning a new approach for helping LD students in their classroom should have the benefit of accessing new research and findings into the around effective methods of teaching to bridge the gap between normally developed learners and LD students.

Sunday, April 14, 2019

The coronation explain Essay Example for Free

The coronation explain EssayBetween 1947 and 1959, the do of video recording licences that had been sold increased very rapidly from only 0. 1 million to almost 10 million. The coronation was in 1953 and the largest increase in the amount of tvs that had been sold was between 1953 and 1959. This tells us that most of the throng that brought telecastings during this time period did not only taint them because of the coronation as the majority were sold in the years following it.Therefore, from this evidence we can tell that there must have been other reasons anyway the coronation why the television became such a popular accessory. In 1953 queen Elisabeth was crowned. All of the plenty in England were able to view this on television sets, and it became clear that seeing it on television would be a assign better, and you would see a lot to a greater extent than if you went to London and saw it in authorized life, because obviously access to the cathedral and the grounds a round it would be very limited. People idolised the monarchy, and esteem them hugely.As a consequence, the amount of television sets increased that were being sold. The coronation of the queen was quite a significant reason that the number of televisions that had been sold increased so much from 1947 to 1959. However, there were a lot of other reasons resulting in huge increases in television sales. Firstly, the television was an extremely riveting source of frolic, deal it is nowadays too. Television prices also dropped very rapidly in the year or two leading(a) up to the coronation.People wanted not only to be entertained by the coronation of the queen, they wanted much from their silver, they brought televisions so as to give them to a greater extent options for things to do. It was thought that children especi all toldy would benefit from the new amusement that was given by the television, as they were expected to amuse themselves. A man in 1920 remembers what life was same for him when he was a child we played marbles, tip-cat, flicking cigarette cards, hide and seek, hopscotch, all in the due seasons. just about children could not afford wooden hoops when that season came around, but an old bicycle wheel with a tyre made a good substitute. This extract from a conversation with a friend in the 80s tells us that there were a few things for children to do, but most of them involved being outside, and to be outside, the stand must be good, and you can never rely on the weather. If it was raining or snowing and the children could not go out, it would leave very little for them to do, and the few things that they could do, would probably get boring after a while.So a television would mean that the children always had something to occupy them, and no one could ever get bored of television because there are so many different programs it was a better quality of entertainment than had been seen before. Secondly, flocks wages and liesure time were inc reasing at this time, which meant that more pack could afford televisions when they could not before. And if they still did not earn enough to buy a television straight away because they wanted to see the coronation, they could fill up the option of hire purchase.This was when poorer large number who could not afford to buy a television all in one payment, were allowed to pay the shop owner who sold them the television back in smaller, more manageable instalments but people still needed these higher wages to pay the instalments. Thirdly people were beginning to be given a lot more leisure time from their employees and this meant that they needed more to occupy them and so this reason (along with their increased wages) meant that a lot more people decided to buy televisions simply because they could and because they had more spare time to watch them, so it was not a waste of money at all.Fourthly many people simply brought televisions because they were a form of new technology, and they were so hypnotised by them. They wanted and needed a part of this extraordinarily intelligent machinery in their homes. Also, people were more inclined to buy televisions because the number of television transmitters increased, meaning that television was available to a lot more people, and there were a lot more programs on show.Fifthly, probably one of the most important reasons that television sales increased so much was because to have a television aerial up on your roof, was a huge status symbol, and, in the words of a man aged 60, describing his early memories of television You could tell from the aerials who had and hadnt got sets. I remember that we were one of the first three in the road to get one. If you had a car and a TV set, youd really arrived. From this extract, we can see how very important having a television was to a lot of people and just for a slightly higher status.And lastly, there were bound to be other popular national events happening that woul d be broadcast on television, and a lot of people also brought televisions so as to ensure that they had a television to see them. So, in conclusion, the coronation did servicing a little in starting the sudden rise in the amounts of televisions being sold, but mostly, people brought televisions for more personal reasons, i. e. for a better status, for better entertainment, and simply to have a little sting of the new technology that was sweeping the nation and completely fascinating everyone.

Friday, April 12, 2019

Bylaws of Natural Health Essay Example for Free

Bylaws of Natural Health Essay particle 1 Membership shall consist only of the coach/President, Jason Wilson.ARTICLE III AMENDMENTSSection 1 These Bylaws may be amended when necessary.ARTICLE VIRestrictions on Actions1. All the assets and earnings of the Corporation shall be used exclusively for its rid purposes, including the payment of expenses incidental thereto. No part of either internet earnings shall inure to the benefit of any employee of the Corporation or be distri hardlyed to its Directors, officers, or any private person. 2. Notwithstanding any other furnish of these bylaws, the Corporation will not carry on any activities not permitted by an organization exempt under Section 501(c)(3), innate Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding preparation of any future federal law, or organizations whose contributions which are exempt under Section 170(c)(2), Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law. The Corporation shall ha ve no capital stock, pay no dividends, distribute no part of its net income or assets to any Directors, Officers, and private property of the subscribers, Directors or Officers shall not be liable for the debts of the Corporation.3. No corporeal part of the Corporations activity shall be for the carrying on of a campaign of propaganda or other than attempting to influence legislation. The Corporation shall not participate in any governmental campaign, will not adopt in political campaigns or attempt to influence legislation or interfere with any political campaign on behalf or in opposition to any candidate for public office. 4. In particular, but not without limitation of the generality of the foregoing paragraph, during such time as the Corporation may be considered a private foundation as defined by Section 509(a), Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law, it shall not A. Fail to distribute its income for each dutiable year at such time and in such manner as not to flummox subject to the tax on undistributed income imposed by Section 4942, Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law.B. Engage in any act of egotism dealing as defined in Section 4941(d), Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law. C. Retain any excess business holdings as defined in Section 4943(c), Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law. D. perk up any investment on such manner as to subject it to tax under Section 4944, Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law. E. Make any taxable expenditures as defined in Section 4945(d), Internal Revenue Code, 1986, or the corresponding provision of any future federal law.These bylaws were adopted on July 30, 2012.Jason Wilson, President

Thursday, April 11, 2019

Leaving home Essay Example for Free

Leaving mansion EssayNote I think u should describe the authors definition of pact and allegiance in the introduction or ur find outing of their definitions in terms of ur thesis cuz sometimes its hard to understand the difference b/w the two..and that shouldnt really happen cuz that is the focus of ur set aboutRed corrections (make sure u read the fourth dimension wit read stuff cuz the livelong sentence had to change sometimes)Blue commentsYellow highlight erase those things ( non needed)Leaving topographic point is a elusive filling for any individual to make. A decision of this caliber contains conditions of no bargain, en oblige arrangement, and obligation in conflict with homage. Under these circumstances, a citizens commitment to his/her coun gauge ceases to make sense, which is supported by Shklars name, Obligation, loyalty, oust. Judith Shklar, in her try has evidently analyzed the line of obligation, loyalty and exile, in regards to emigration.Though there are many two-dimensional matters to be questi 1d, the focus of this act will be on the in my interest to structure (structure of wat, exile?) and define the chosen dry lands for exile argued in Shklars article. In ordinary talk the two words loyalty and obligation are generally habitd interchangeably as if they were identical, but it is Shklars argument that it is all most-valu adequate to(p)(p) non only to keep them obscure but to go on to make clear the distinctions between obligation, commitment, loyalty, allegiance, and fidelity. (Shklar, 182) This essay will support her argument and show how both obligation and loyalty are both convention elements that force a person to exile.Obligation is defined as rule goerned conducts and political obligation specifically refers to laws and law-like demands, made by public agencies. (Shklar, 183) When thinking of obligation, one may connect it with loyalty. Many individuals come to the final stage that obligation exists whe re there is loyalty, but other view argued by Shklar argues is that it is more rational to keep them separate. done her extreme models of exiles such as limiting case, Shklars arguments are adequate and evident. (I dont think u need this sentence, if u want it there, it needs to be reworded-try to maintain one tense-usually present tense) It is an individual right to smack saved by his or her declare country, a right for a sense of belonging, and, most importantly, mainly a the right to be protected. With regards to obligation and exile, it is common practice to one would question the importance of justice.Injustice non only cancels obligations and undermines loyalties, however resilient the latter may seem it also engenders the conflict between obligation and the effective ties that bind us. (Shklar, 197) Hence, if this farmingment is true,(dont say this ur trying to prove ur thesis, by saying if, ur argument weakens-ur arguments confine to be squiffy) it is reasonable to conclude that justice arises with the presence of both obligation and loyalty. Unfortunately, it has become increasingly uncontrollable to maintain justice due to the rise in swindle, cheating, and lying in politics strategy. Betrayal to state and irrational obligation has become another reason why an individual would exile from his or her country. (this sentence doesnt really flow with the essay at this point, but maybe if u reword it, itl work-but seems like its another agrument in itself) Enforcement of law, where forced obligation becomes unbearable, may also lead an individual to exile.The author portrayed this reason of exile through an example of a French array man, Traifis. Traifis was accused of passing secrets to Germans and was convicted and charged accordingly. by all of this, he lock away became loyal to obey (wrong word-wat r u trying to say?-protect?) his country, though in reality he was betrayed by his own state. The author finds it difficult to understanding h ow one could still be loyal to a country without feeling obligated. (this needs to be explained more-the definitions of the 2 cuz its hard to understand the difference at this point, or how they do/dont relate to eachother) His obligation ceased, and he signed up with the army again this shows that his loyalty is greater than the feeling of obligation. This is a case which Shklar would describe as crazy. (dont need this sentence)It is important to note how Shklar stresses that obligation is a reasoned closure. If one cannot come up with a reasoned answer as to why he or she should obey, then(prenominal) there is no place for obligation to exist. (this is trustworthy to put in ur intro to describe the meaning of obligation in the eyes of the authorif not, put it in the beginning of this argument, itll help the reader understand ur argument better) An important point to note is that those who abdicate home do not necessarily disobey the state, but rather the state has disobeyed th em. As ones right to feel safe is taken away, the insecurity drives the citizen away from his or her own land.Shklar uses more specific and extreme cases to modify her argument that it is the degree of injustice and cruelty that many ordinary people have been through in the past, and unfortunately many more are victims of same examples today. (u need a more strong last sentence and I think u should only uses this lsat point if u give an actual example from the article-if its just a point within her essay, dont say its a specific extreme case-maybe say that she is strong to point out that..) Government conduct is only one of the driving fixingss of exile, for emotional attachment plays a large part in an individuals actions as well. (this is to tie in the two arguments together, as for the beginning of the sentence, thats wat I understood of the first argument, if its wrong, then change it.jus wanted to give u a idea for a concluding sentence)The emotional attachment to loyalty va ries that from obligation. Sklar points out that the emotional character of loyalty also sets it apart from obligation. If obligation is rule driven, loyalty is motivated by the entire personality of an agent. Political loyalty is evoked by nations, ethnic groups, churches, parties, and by doctraines, causes, ideologies, or faiths that form and identify associations. (Shklar, 184). Thus, loyalty is deeply takeive and not primarily rational. (Shklar, 184) These are all characters that enhance a persons beliefs and values, and are really essential to ones personality, and, most importantly, affect the persons judgment regarding loyalty. The above mentioned characteristics also give the individual a sense of identity (if this is a summon from the article, it needs to be referenced).As the author argues, political loyalty may survive, but not obligation to obey the law. That is why I assumed that exiles have no obligation to the country that expels them illegally and unconstitutional ly, demonstrating how loyalty exceeds obligation. (Shklar, 190) If the state refuses to oblige to citizens responsibility, then in return the citizen is not obligated(dont use quotes-maybe italisize or bold for affect-only try to use quotes for direct ones, otherwise it gets confusing) to obey its state. The tension of loyalty arises as the terms nationalism, perfidy, fear of its own state, and most importantly exile, are questioned.The physical and emotional abuse of state being the push factor of your exile, makes ones belonging to his/her own country meaningless, and makes the other side (wat is the other side?) seem more prominent. If one is loyal to a country, one may choose to stay, though on the other hand, obligation would not last as long as loyalty. Though it may seem easier to exile (maybe u should use flee the country or something, exile doesnt seem to fit) without feeling obligated to his or her state, but the pick is still difficult to make. When loyalty is questione d, one becomes very pessimistic of his or her own conclusions, as loyalty is a feeling that is not reasoned, but is not irrational.Leaving home is not an easy choice for any individual to make, this point has been now stated several times in this essay and has a stronger meaning than one may think. (I dont think u need this sentence to start of this paragraph) Leaving home can be described by the word exile, which can be defined as mortal who involuntarily leaves the country of which he or she is a citizen. (Shklar, 187). Exile can be caused by poverty, fear, war, betrayal of politics and/or injustice. All these elements in ones mind can be judged by the religion of obligation and loyalty. Suffering the threat of exile can sometimes be worse than a soldier taking off to fight in war. My parents also strikingnessd a great obstacle which lead them to face the fear of exile. The life story of my parents that has taken place from country to country, Pakistan to Norway, and Norway to Canada. At a young age, my parents locomote from Pakistan to Norway in hope for a bright future.Though they were both loyal to their home country, they felt no obligation to stay and change its unstable political state. My mother joined my father subsequently he had established a business and home, and as long time passed they both became good citizens of Norway, and my mother joined the government working for the immigration department. Aside from their own professions, they were both journalists working for their own small community in the city of Oslo. As they worked closer with the state, the feeling of belonging became more uncomfortable. This was a kind of state which did not appreciate your religion and/or culture. Hence, Norway can be described as a very flag-waving(a) country. At the age of seven, I was sent to live with my aunt in Pakistan to start school there. It was not the knowledge of math or science that was better, but the knowledge of my religion and culture tha t was very important to my family.Living in a Caucasian (another word for white) society, my parents were scared that I would not be able to interact with the people that surrounded me due to the difference in our religious and cultural beliefs. As the judicial separation (separation from wat?) was starting to become difficult, my parents were forced to search for another solution. As a child, I cannot recall conclusion it very difficult to fit it (use another word for fit in-its too casual), but as years passed, I realized the ugly truth of being an outcast, and started noticing little incidents where I was treated different then the rest of the group. My parents had always known this reality, but chose to stay silent, thinking it may be ignored. It became more megascopic when my teacher started behaving different.I was a good student, and when my participation was greater than the rest of the group, I was simply asked to leave the class. As I left, I left with great pain and hu miliation. My parents were well settled with a gold business and a good life within our home, though the outside reality of life was very constrained. Though they were fortunate in wealth, they were less fortunate in freedom of expressing their own identity. The struggle to desire an ethnological society led to a search for a better land, where freedom to be oneself was considered as an important right. This is how I ended up in POL81A at the University of Toronto.My parents packed up everything they had worked hard for over the last twenty-four years and migrated to Canada. organism able to attend Friday prayers at mosque or celebrate Eid with pleasure or simple things like being able to say I am Muslim, were characteristics that mattered the most for my family. Being able to live in an environment of tolerance, acceptance and multiculturalism is like living in peace after war. It is important to note that my parents always obeyed the state, but they lost their loyalty as they l ost their identity. The restricted conditions which forced my family to hide their identity, forced us to exile into a strange country, but in hope for a promised land.Politics has formed its behavior into a universal religion, where its faith depends on loyalty and obligation.Comments ur last argument was very well written.and made up very well might I add neways, I hope my comments help, cuz sometimes I really didnt no how to change some if without really knowing wat the article was about. Good luck

Tuesday, April 9, 2019

Research on Hybrid Cars Essay Example for Free

Research on crisscrossization Cars EssayI. Introduction ? Overview Of The ensure This learn is based on the in style(p) rail room locomotiveering in locomote ( gondola auto) fabrication- HYBRID TECHNOLOGY. In this project we atomic number 18 going to discuss about the crossbreed technology in automobiles, the impact of intercrossed technology on Indian automobile ( elevator car) labor, the companies which eat adopted and benefited through this technology and the findings the conclusion. ? crown of thornsizingization Technology A hybridization fomite is a vehicle that uses 2 or to a greater extent distinct world-beater sources to discharge short the vehicle. Power sources include ? On-board or out-board reversible skill storage arranging (RESS) ?Gasoline or diesel drive give the sack ? Hydrogen ? compact air ? Human placeed e. g. pedaling or rowing ? Wind ? Compressed or liquefied natural gunslinger ? Solar ? Coal, wood or early(a) solid combusti bles The boundary nigh commonly refers to hybrid electric car automobile vehicles (HEVs), which combine an innate combustion railway locomotive and 1 or to a greater extent(prenominal) electric motors. ? HYBRID CARS crossbred cars ar angiotensin-converting enzyme among the promising types of immature extension cars. In the generate era, the motor vehicle industry is going through a transition mannequin, which is to meet the footmark of the growing world.Cars are direct become inevitable assistants for the travel and it is not uncommon to dedicate 2 or 3 cars in a home. And, motor vehicles are promptly facing the next generation problems of the pompous cars. Moreover, legion(predicate) environmental and energy utilization issues are coming cross. crossing cars are develop with an intention to answer much of these questions, and the success of it in the road make it a favorite pickaxe of many. Although any car, which has a combination of 2 diametric ideas can be called as a hybrid, inviolately the cars, which combine two energy sources for its path is popularly named as hybrid car.To be simple, the conventional cars run on a single force out source such as flatulency, petrol and diesel. The energy capability of the cars was insufficient to meet the future studys, in the highly energy depleting situation. The search for alternative resources is intensive and unity of them, electric cars were a success, entirely its limitation was the inadequacy for a long drive and difficulty for snitch re jerks. Hybrid cars were a separate solution since it combines the benefits of both types of cars.Now, most of the hybrid cars use the locomotive that trim in combination of petrol and electricity. Hybrid cars are much appreciated by the experts because of its energy efficiency. As the car has two energy sources, the car de routineing in effect, use up only trim back energy and the most beneficial attribute is that the batteries in the car for electrical transmission pull up stakes be spontaneously charged, along with the on the job(p) of the car. However, the success of the hybrid cars among the motorists relies on master(prenominal)ly on its performance on the road.Despite of the great fear, whether the new car could give out the performance as of a conventional car, hybrid car gave out adequate performance, with aid of its sophisticated technology and aerodynamic design. The utility of hybrid cars for the ordination was proved, when Government adopted particular measures for its pro feat. Now, as part of its favourred usage, tax credits are available, which are alternated yearly, according to the prevailing market conditions. Government was impressed with the two important advantages such as modifyd mileage and degraded tailpipe emissions, which can attribute low environmental pollution and narrowd non renewable fuel consumption.Now many companies such as Toyota, Ford, Honda and Lexus are competing in the market of hybrid cars with their latest versions. Any how, a comparison of incompatible models is advised before the purchase. Hybrid cars are thus the present variant of car industry. The advancements are going on continuously in its fuel selection and structure, to last out it to a future car, and motorists are looking forward to the best out of it. ? History of Hybrid Vehicles The narrative of hybrid cars dates back to the late 1800s and 1900s. In 1905, Mr.H Piper filed a patent for a gasoline engine-electric motor powertrain. tally to him, the electric motor would augment a gasoline engine, allowing a vehicle to speed from zero to 25 miles an hour in 10 seconds, much faster than the gasoline engines of that time. Ironically, when finally Mr. H Piper was granted the patent a few years later, public engines were capable of producing the same large-hearted of acceleration. Due to rapid advancements in the gasoline engine, the popularity of a hybrid car slowly diminishe d untill over again in the early to mid 1970s, the time of oil crisis.Many companies poured funds to build experimental Hybrid Electric Vehicles. But as the oil became available again, the surge for HEVs died down immediately. The Europeans and Japanese researching on reduction deed be and making HEVs much salable. Companies hold Toyota, Honda, Volkswagen, Mitsubishi came up with ways to reduce emissions and better the mileage. Toyota introduced the Prius in 1997 (in Japan and in 2000 in the US) which proved to be a huge success. Recent gross r counterbalanceue figures request that thoroughly over 300,000 units of Toyota Prius have been sold the world over justifying the concept of a clean family car.In 1999, Honda introduced its first production hybrid car, the Insight and then the polite Hybrid in 2002. Ford came up with the first hybrid SUV, the Escape, which hit the road in 2004. Quick on their path are somewhat(prenominal) other contestants such as Dodge with their hybrid pickup, the Ram, and chevrolets Silverado. ? How Hybrid Cars Work? Hybrid Cars integrate the power of the conventional gasoline engine with that of an electric motor. A high powered electric battery pack provides energy to the motor which itself gets recharged when the car is decelerating. This is called as regenerative braking.The gas engine can as well as assist the battery in recharging. This kills the need to plug the car to an external source of energy. As of this instant, there are two types of hybrid vehicles. In one type, the electric motor acts as a side-kick to the gas engine, assisting it whenever surplus power is needed. The electric motor alone is incapable of independently operating the vehicle. Hondas Power Assist technology in its hybrids, Civic and Insight is an example. Such vehicles are termed as Mild Hybrids. In mild hybrids, the gasoline engine provides the main source of power, and the electric motor provides additional power whenever needed.The secon d type of hybrid can be termed as a Full Hybrid, where the gasoline engine and the electric motor can operate the vehicle saperately. In this type, the electric motor can drive the vehicle at lower speeds. In need of more speed, the gasoline engine kicks in. The Toyota Prius and the Ford Escape implement the same techonology. Be it mild hybrids or full hybrids, both are capable of providing lower emissions and better fuel efficiency. The Internal-Combustion Engines (both gasoline and diesel) installed in Hybrid cars are a great deal littler than those in normal cars for a simple reason that Hybrids have the electric motor for assistance.The motor can take care of city travel which poses stop and go conditions as well as power-consuming add-ons such as the A/C or power-windows and power-steering. At high speeds, the gasoline engine supplies power. This switching of power sources is computer controled and nothing needs to be manually done. Power to the electric motor comes from the b attery-pack. Recharging of the battery is automatic and need not be done by external sources. When the car is in uniform motion or when it is decelerating, it generates power which charges the batteries which utilises the valuable kinetic energy.As with any other battery, the Hybrid car battery also has a limited life span. Auto makers however, put the battery life at around 200,000 miles which roughly comes around to 7-8 years, depending on the kind of travel it endures. Thus, It pays to take free care of your vehicle and travel when necessary. ? Hybrid Car Technology With the prices of gasoline and fuel always on the increase, car manufacturers have today found a new form of car technology that is fuel efficient and low in pollution.This technology is called the hybrid car technology where the cars have a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) found in the vehicle, along with some fuel propulsion source. Hybrid cars dont produce much pollution and consumes minimal fuel and it s different propulsion systems have either common parts or systems. Hybrid cars are generally designated to vehicles running on a combination of petroleum and electricity. These vehicles are called hybrid-electric vehicles where electric cells are used to power electric engines, along with an internal combustion engine.The advantage of these cars is that they sort of extend their battery charge through the kinetic energy they breeze in regenerative braking. Moreover when such cars cruise, or move on a small thrust, the combustion engine generates energy with the running of a second electric motor. This is done to either recharge the battery or to provide energy to the motor for driving the car. This is unlike the conventional electrical cars where they avail of their battery charge through external sources like the grid.Today, most of the hybrid cars run on either gasoline or diesel as their main energy source while there are some cases where other fuels like ethanol or plant based oils are used too. There are also some cars that use hydrogen fuel. Sometimes, hybrid cars are also referred to the cars that are flexible-fuel vehicles where they run on a combination of different fuels like gasoline and ethanol alcohol fuel. The main reason people prefer to use hybrid cars is because of its hybrid technology of a combination of technologies. With this, a lot of gas fuel is saved which is of course, beneficial to the car buyer.With the passage of time, hybrid car technology has improved in the different hybrid cars. This is because with time, hybrid cars have also become popular and the manufacturers have been working on more means to make the car more feasible to the prospective car buyer. With hybrid car technology, the motion of the car is designed in such a way that the engines in these cars have a smaller size that is used when drifting and driving leisurely. It is usually the battery source that provides the additional power like going uphill or accelerating whenever needed.To couple things, when the hybrid car is stopped, the hybrid fuel engine gets switched arrive at to run off the electric motor. Hybrid cars are built lighter and are designed more aerodynamically for better speed. And its tires are usually stiffer and have a higher inflation so that the drag of the car is reduced. So it can be seen that with hybrid car technology, a car has become more efficient. though the rates of these cars whitethorn initially be a bit high, they are in truth much deserving it in the long run during its lifespan. ? Hybrid Car Pro and Cons.The pros and cons of hybrid car is one of the widely discussed topics since hybrid car is a trend among the new generation vehicles. Hybrid car is the type of car, which utilizes two different energy sources to meet the energy packment. Even though the hybrid technology was prevailing for many purposes such as train engines and submarines, its well-liked use among the people was begun only with the in flock of the idea in the motor vehicles. Hybrid car became soon accepted among the clients, however, its increased popularity arise the need for a cross epitome since it is a fact that every factor will have two sides.? Pros of Hybrid Vehicles Hybrid cars ravish with them a bundle of advantages. o Hybrids combine clean energy of the electrical motor with the power of the gas-powered engine which results into lower emissions and better mileage. o Thanks to the ever improving technology, hybrids perform at par with the normal ga-powered vehicles, if not better. o Hybrids are reliable and comfortable as any traditional car and they have a tax benefits(only till 2006). o There are purchase incentives for Hybrid vehicle owners (varies by state). o Hybrids are much cleaner cars than normal vehicles with lesser CO and other parklandhouse gas emissions.o Hybrids provide a better mileage. o The future for hybrids looks bright with rapid developments in hybrid technology to improve engine effici ency. o Due to the Regenerative Braking technology, the batteries need not be charged by an external source. o o Special warranties are provided for the battery pack, the electric motor other pricey items. o Hybrids help reduce the dependency on fossil fuels which directely affects fuel prices. Hybrid cars are often refereed to as the car of the era. The unique advantages of the hybrid car will be sole alkali for such recognition in the market.The motor industry was always in the effort to develop most beneficial model and the disadvantages of the conventional model might be the triggering factor for the formation of advantageous models. Usually, anything to be considered as advantageous will make benefit only to its owner, and to the maximum, the family of the owner. The specialty of the hybrid car enhances in this situation since its advantages can attribute benefit to not only the owner or his family, but to the entire society, nation and the mankind. The advantages of the hybr id car kickoff right from its difference in the basic pattern.Hybrid car is type of car that utilizes two energy sources for its movement. The popular hybrid cars in the market are manufacture in such a manner to combine the benefits of an internal combustion engine and electrical motor. The trim down level of gasoline in the world as it is a non-renewable energy was the major drawback of the conventional cars, which was ascertain in the electrical cars, but it also had its own disadvantages. The advantage of the hybrid car is that it can even off the complaints in the both systems and balances the use of electrical energy and gasoline engine, in their optimum levels.In the hybrid car, the electrical energy is used while starting up of the car and its low speed ranges, which will help to impart a check to the tail pipe emissions. As the automobiles is increasing, world is at the curse of toxic pollutants and global heat, due to their exhaust ingredients. The decrease in the ta il pipe emission will be a great advantage for the environment as well as the society. However, gasoline engine will take up the transmission, when the speed goes up since, it is essential to attribute the pace for the drive.While the traffic stops and steep slopes the electrical energy will be again activated, which will help to reduce the gasoline utilization. The aerodynamic design, lighter materials and smoother tyre will help for better energy consumption. The salient technological advantage of the hybrid car is that the energy loss, while braking is re-channeled for the electrical battery charging, called as regenerative braking, and a separate energy for battery charging is not required. The advantages of the hybrid car are multifaceted since it attributes efficient, technical and economical benefits.Despite of the owner, the country as well as, is benefited from the gasoline saving as the oil prices are steeping very high, and its effects the countrys whole economy. This advantage is also a benefit to the customer as government has decided to give reductions and tax credits for the hybrid car buying. In addition to federal exemption certain states also provide local exemptions to promote the use of hybrid car. Hybrid car is thus an advantageous car, which helps to over come much of the crisis related to the motor world. ? Disdvantages Of Hybrid Cars Hybrid cars, though useful, have some disadvantages.The point to be noted here is that the advantages far exceed the disadvantages. o utmost apostrophize hybrids cost anywhere from $2,000 to $5,000 more their non-Hybrid versions. o More weight due to battery packs. o Some states charge additional fees for registration. o In the event of an unfortunate accident, there is a stake of exposure to high voltage wires. o They have a complicated system which needs to be taken care of by experienced mechanics only. o Spare parts maybe heavily to find and may be costly. o Usually, hybrids have a lower acceler ation than that their normal counterparts.II. attention write ? HYBRID TECHNOLOGY IN INDIAN AUTOMOBILE (CAR) industry ? INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY AN OVERVIEW The manufacturing of automobiles commenced in India 60 years ago, since then, the journey of the Indian automotive industry can be classified advertisement into three main phases. Touching upon them briefly The first phase till mid 1980s could be termed as one of protection for the Indian automotive industry. There were restrictions on the manufacturing and import of automobiles and the Indian automobile market was a sellers market.The second phase, post 1991, could be termed as a phase of liberalization as the Indian automotive market was the beneficiary of the opening up of Indias economy. This phase was marked by the opening of foreign automobile players and increase in the availability of automotive financing. The Indian automotive market became a buyers market during this phase. Coinciding with the second wave of l iberalization, the triplet phase from early 2000 till date could be termed as a phase of globalization of the Indian automotive industry.This phase has been marked by the removal of most import controls, entry of many more foreign players in the Indian automotive market and Indian companies gaining a global identity and acquiring foreign companies. The year 2008 is an important year for the Indian automobile industry. Today, the Indian automobile industry is stratified first in the world in the production of three wheelers, second in the production of two wheelers, fourth in the production of mercenary vehicles and ninth in the production of passenger vehicles.With a production of nearly 10. 8 million vehicles in FY07-08, the Indian automotive industry has shown an outstanding resilience afterwards the last down cycle about a decade back. In the last few years, the Indian automotive industry has grown at a water-loving rate by reducing costs and improving efficiency. With its n ew found confidence, it has gone beyond the shores of India and is creating a noteworthy footprint in different geographies in the world.The Indian automotive market with a healthy growth rate of 13% in the last 7 years was a source of attraction to many foreign automobile companies whose entry in the Indian market not only increased competition, but also raised customer expectations about product quality and reliability. This forced the Indian companies to introduce new and interesting products and innovation has now become a noteable feature of the Indian automotive industry.The innovation story of the Indian automotive industry would not be complete without mentioning the NANO, which has evoked worldwide interest, curiosity and confidence in the competency of Indian talent. It has not only brought the automobile industry, but also India into focus. The NANO and other similar products have the potential to change the paradigm of the automotive industry worldwide. To maintain a hig h rate of growth, retain the attractiveness of the Indian market and to further enhance competitiveness in the market place, the Indian automotive industry has been working in a collaborative manner with the government and has drafted an self-propelled Mission Plan 2006-16.Some of the linchpin initiatives which have been pursued as per the Automotive Mission Plan include Establishment of National Automotive Testing and RD Infrastructure development Project (NATRIP) Initiatives for creation and fulfillment of automotive demand Initiatives towards the betterment of society and the environment, and Initiatives to become a catalyst for generating an additional 25 million jobs. In the last five years, sales in various segments of the Indian automobile market have grown at a healthy rate of 15% to 27 %.This growth provided encouragement to various players and nearly Rs 78,000 crores of investment has been planned, out of which more than 50% has already been committed. However, today the Indian automotive industry is facing unprecedented challenges. On one hand, demand is shrinking because of the lack of availability of consumer finance, high interest rates and the high cost of fuel, and on the other, cost of input materials has witnessed massive increases. e. g. in the last two years, steel price has increased by almost 40%, copper prices are up by 45%, natural rubber has go up by 40% .The impact of steel price increase alone on various segments of automobiles is sooner significant. These factors are having a catastrophic impact on the bottom line of the Indian automotive industry and are resulting in withdrawal, scaling down or deferment of capital investment which would hurt the objectives of the Automotive Mission Plan in the long run. Two other long term challenges are set about by the Indian automotive industry. The first one is climate change due to global warming which would have an impact on all.Contribution of carbon dioxide emissions heavy(p) rise to global warming by various sectors are Public Electricity and Heat Production 53% Manufacturing Industries Construction21% Internal transportation (Road,rail,air)12% Others14% (Source outside(a) Energy Agency-2005 Report based on 2001 data for India) Reduction in carbon dioxide emission would require a holistic and an integrated approach. However, the automotive industry is aware of its 10% contribution and is conscious and obdurate to pursue initiatives to reduce the same.This could be implemented by adopting an integrated and a partnership approach. Some of the initiatives that would reduce carbon dioxide emissions include introduction of new and more fuel efficient vehicles, a mandatory inspection and maintenance regime, the removal of old vehicles as they contribute to a larger portion of carbon dioxide emissions, efficient traffic management, use of alternative fuels like CNG, LPG, bio-diesel etc and the introduction of electric vehicles / hybrid.The second challenge wh ich the Indian automotive industry is facing today is in attracting and nurturing talented manpower not only for the creation of better and reliable products but also for servicing and maintenance throughout the life cycle of the product. More than 60% of the additional 25 million jobs that is projected to get created as per the Automotive Mission Plan, would be in the skilled category. ? INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY AND HYBRID TECHNOLOGY pic ? WHY HYBRIDS IN INDIA pic pic pic CONCLUSION pic III. COMPANIES PROFILEHybrid technology has become a latest trend in the automotive industry. There are a number of companies which have adopted this technology. The list of the companies which have launched their hybrid vehicles are ? TATA ? Hyundai ? Honda ? Mahindra Mahindra ? Ford ? Toyota ? BMW ? Nissan Motors A brief profile of these companies and their hybrid car versions are discussed in the following pages pic ? COMPANY OVERVIEW The Hyundai Motor Company, a division of the Hyundai Kia Au tomotive Group, is South Koreas largest and the worlds fifth largest automaker in monetary value of units sold per year.Headquartered in Seoul, Hyundai operates the worlds largest integrated automobile manufacturing facility in Ulsan, which is capable of producing 1. 6 million units annually. The Hyundai logo, a slanted, stylized H, is said to be symbolic of two people (the company and customer) oscillation hands. In 1998, after a shake-up in the Korean auto industry caused by ambitious expansion and the Asian financial crisis, Hyundai acquired rival Kia Motors. In 2000, the company established a strategic adherence with DaimlerChrysler and severed its partnership with the Hyundai Group. In 2001, the Daimler-Hyundai Truck Corporation was formed.In 2004, however, DaimlerChrysler divested its interest in the company by marketing its 10. 5 percent stake for $900 million. Hyundai has invested in manufacturing plants in the North America, China, Pakistan, India, and Turkey as well a s research and development centers in Europe, North America, and Japan. In 2004, Hyundai Motor Company had $57. 2 meg in sales in South Korea making it the countrys second largest corporation, or chaebol. ecumenical sales in 2005 r all(prenominal)ed 2,533,695 units, an 11 percent increase over the previous year. Hyundai has set as its 2006 hindquarters worldwide sales of 2.7 million units (excluding exports of CKD kits). Hyundai motor vehicles are sold in 193 countries through some 5,000 dealerships and showrooms. After a recent survey of global automotive sales by Automotive News, Hyundai is now the tenth largest automaker in the world in 2007. 5 Hyundai Motor Companys stag power continues to rise as it was ranked 72nd in the 2007 Best Global stigmatises by Interbrand and Business Week survey. Brand value estimated at $4. 5 billion. Public perception of the Hyundai brand has been transformed as a result of dramatic improvements in the quality of Hyundai vehicles.? HYBRIDS IN H YUNDAI Hyundai plans to begin producing hybrid electric vehicles in 2009. The Avante will be the first vehicle to be produced. Since 2004, Hyundai has supplied about 3,000 hybrid versions of its Getz and Accent small cars to government fleets as part of a testing program. The automaker cites a lack of local tax benefits for purchasing hybrids as a barrier to its hybrid development program. But Hyundai expects the tax situation to change in 2009. The new hybrid electric Sonata will make its debut at the Los Angeles International Auto Show in November 2008.Hyundai expects to unwrap it in the U. S. market in 2010, featuring lithium-ion battery technology ? HYUNDAI HYBRIDS IN INDIA Hyundai is getting increasingly aggressive these days. If propagation sedan assault wasnt enough, Hyundai is now seriously looking at another Japanese stronghold, the Hybrids. The company is formulation to go full steam in developing its own hybrid technology. The company will start off with the hybrid var iants of Accent, Sonata and Avante sedan while the research and development center in India will be given the go ahead to develop the technology for small cars.Currently, Hyundai provides Verna (Accent) hybrid models to government agencies as vaporize projects. The plan is to expand the line-up to mid-sized sedans and beyond for mass production, starting from 2009. Seok San Jang, a senior vice president for Hyundais international business operations saysWe have been slow in the field so far but have aggressive plans given the fact that high oil prices have made hybrids almost a necessity now. From next year, we will sell hybrid cars in Korea and by 2010 we will be selling them all over the world, India is our hub for small cars and hybrids for smaller cars will also eventually come from there. ? HYUNDAI HYBRID MODELS pic pic HYUNDAI try HYUNDAI GETZ pic ? COMPANY OVERVIEW Tata Motors Limited, formerly known as TELCO (TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company), is a multinational c orporation headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is Indias largest passenger automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturing company. Part of the Tata Group, and one of the worlds largest manufacturers of commercial vehicles. The OICA ranked it as the worlds 20th largest automaker, based on figures for 2006. Tata Motors was established in 1945, when the company began manufacturing locomotives.The company manufactured its first commercial vehicle in 1954 in collaboration with Daimler-Benz AG, which ended in 1969. Tata Motors was listed on the NYSE in 2004, and by 2005 it was ranked among the top 10 corporations in India with an annual revenue exceeding INR 320 billion. In 2004, it bought Daewoos truck manufacturing unit, now known as Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicle, in South Korea. It also, acquired a 21% stake in Hispano Carrocera SA, giving it controlling rights in the company. Tata Motors launched their much awaited Tata Nano, noted for its Rs 100,000 price-tag, in January 2008.In Mar ch 2008, it finalised a deal with Ford Motor Company to acquire their British Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) business, which also includes the Rover, Daimler and Lanchester brand names. The purchase was completed on 2 June 2008 Tata Motors has its manufacturing base in Jamshedpur, Pantnagar, Lucknow, Ahmedabad and Pune. ? HYBRIDS IN TATA The worlds cheapest car, Tata Nano, may also turn out to be worlds cheapest hybrid version as well. Tata Motors intends to head micro-hybrid version of Tata Nano with micro-hybrid technology that allows the vehicle to reduce fuel consumption and emissions by up to 10 percent.According to a leading Indian news channel, Bosch shall provide the micro-hybrid technology to Nano also known as Start-Stop System. This system allows the engine to automatically turn off when the vehicle is not moving. This additional technology may cost another Rs. 4000 to Rs. 6000 to the overall cost but this technology is definitely the cheapest hybrid technology most fitted for the worlds cheapest car. Most of the countries around the world are getting stricter with fuel consumption and emission norms including Europe and the US.This micro-hybrid technology can b deployed to the vehicles at much lower cost than full hybrid systems. The micro-hybrid technology will also be available in diesel and electric variants of Nano. pic TATA NANO pic ? COMPANY OVERVIEW Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW), (English Bavarian Motor Works) is an independent German automobile manufacturer founded in 1916. It also produces motorcycles, is the owner of the mini brand and is the parent company of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. ? HYBRIDS IN BMW ? BMW H6 ACTIVE HYBRIDBMW ActiveHybrid is a particular play up of BMW EfficientDynamics, BMWs trendsetting development strategy for todays world. Introducing this technology, BMW is taking the next step in the ongoing reduction of fuel consumption and emissions. BMW ActiveHybrid is based on a modular concept following the strategy of Best of Hybrid to integrate the most appropriate, optimum components in each case in different concepts. The concept is running a new BMW drivetrain that integrates the batteries, electronics systems and power inverter all within the transmission.Compared with the non-hybrid model, the new Active Hybrid is said to improve fuel-economy by up to 20%. The two-mode hybrid system, co-developed with General Motors and DaimlerChrysler, uses twin electric motors which can either be used to boost acceleration, charge the batteries or as a generator to mutually power each other. The two-mode active transmission is based on an ECVT electrical continuously variable transmission. The two operating modes, one of which has been optimised for low, the other for high speeds, are supplemented by fixed transmission ratios.Fitting in with BMWs new EfficientDynamics focus, the modular hybrid system can be easily adapted to other models and should make its way across more cars in coming years. pic BMW X6 ACTIVE HYBRID ? BMW DIESEL X5 HYBRID VERSION BMW will be presenting a new eco-friendly concept touting the latest in EfficientDynamics technology at the upcoming geneva Motor Show. BMW has given a preview of the upcoming concept, a twin-turbo diesel X5 with a hybrid system. As has been the trend in Europe of late, carmakers are developing ultra-efficient hybrid models by combining frugal diesel engines with electric powertrains.BMW X5 SUV is fitted with a 2. 0L turbodiesel and the carmakers mild ActiveHybrid technology plus an eight-speed automatic gearbox and even roof-mounted solar panels. All of these technologies combine to deliver the best fuel economy and lowest emissions of any fullsize SUV soon on sale. The BMW Vision EfficientDynamics delivers 43. 5mpg on the combined cycle and just 172g/km of CO2 emissions. Despite its green credentials, the X5 ActiveHybrid is no slouch. Output from the diesel stands at 204hp and 400Nm of torque, and the hybrid systems adds a further 20hp and 21 0Nm of torque under acceleration.